Techno–economic–environmental feasibility study of a photovoltaic system in northern part of Iran including a two-stage multi-string inverter with DC–DC ZETA converter and a modified P&O algorithm

Abstract Inverters play a significant role in the configuration of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. The perturb-and-observe (P&O) algorithm is common method to derive maximum power from inverters; however, possibility losing due sudden changes radiation drawback this control strategy. To overcome barrier, two-stage multi-string inverter using ZETA DC–DC converter and novel P&O has been proposed increase efficiency these simulated MATLAB/SIMULINK software. investigate performance inverter, technical, environmental economic feasibility studies have performed for construction 5-kW PV plant northern city Iran (Sari) RETScreen software developed by Natural Resources Canada. On other hand, most power-plant are based on concept peak efficiency, which leads non-optimal system design short operation duration at value. However, weighted European used study more accurate computations. Moreover, compared that conventional single-stage (central) inverter. simulation results indicated injects 7.6 MW into grid per year. it prevents emission 88 tons CO2 (over 20 years), equivalent saving 1883.5 litres gasoline